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Sold for five cents per portion, it would be mixed on the spot with water before customers drank it. Connect to 4,947 Pemberton profiles on Geni, Aug 9 1679 - St Johns Parish, Virginia, United States, 1702 - St Johns Parish, Virginia, United States, Frances Pemberton (born De Rochelle (Rachel)), 1702 - St Johns Parish, King William, Virginia, United States, James Pemberton, William Pemberton, Pemberton, Pemberton, James D Pemberton, William D. Pemberton, George Pemberton, Jan 20 1702 - St Johns Parish, King William, Virginia, United States, Frances Eastwood, Miss (born De Rochelle), James Pemberton, William D Pemberton, Richard Littlepage, Pemberton, Pemberton, Aug 9 1679 - St Johns Parish, Virginia, USA, William Pemberton, James Pemberton, Pemberton, William Pemberton, Thomas Pemberton, George Xavier Pemberton, James Pemberton, James Pemberton, William D Pemberton, John Pemberton, George Pemberton, Frances Derochelle Pemberton (born Austin), Aug 9 1679 - St. Peter's Parish, New Kent County, VA, United States, 1702 - St. John's Parish, King William County, VA, United States, James Pemberton, Rebecca Pemberton (born Garnham), Charles Pemberton, William Pemberton, James Pemberton, Peter Pemberton, Joseph Pemberton, William D Pemberton, George Xavier Pemberton, James Pemberton, Jan 20 1702 - St. Johns Parish, King William County, Virginia, British America, James Pemberton, Sarah Pemberton (born Willey), St. Peter's Parish, New Kent County, VA, United States, Lancashire, England, United Kingdom or Frederick County, VA, United States, St. John's Parish, King William County, VA, United States. John Pemberton [24], This article is about the American druggist. He also served as a Confederate general during the American Civil War, noted for his defeat and surrender in the critical Siege of Vicksburg in the summer of 1863. His parents were James C. Pemberton and Martha L. Gant. First-year sales of Coca-Cola topped off at $50. No, he died on 08/16/1888, 134 years ago. Pemberton and Company of Columbus claimed. Enjoy this look at John Pemberton, the man who invented coca-cola? This is an obituary for Charles Pemberton, who apparently inherited the Coca-Cola formula and sold it. His life is truly a winding narrative of impressive accomplishments, hash challenges, and woefully unfortunate events. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. All in all, an impressive increase from $50 worth, at the turn of the 20th century. Family tree of John Stith PEMBERTON - Geneastar Pemberton was diagnosed with stomach cancer, and started selling the company off piece by piece until he owned only a third of it. On October 10, 1862, Pemberton was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general, and assigned to defend the fortress city of Vicksburg, Mississippi, and the Mississippi River, known as the Department of Mississippi and West Louisiana. William PEMBERTON was guardian to James LEAVELL (d. 17 Oct 1775) and James left a legacy to William's daughter Nancy PEMBERTON COLEMAN whom he called "my sister. He also served for six years (1881-87) on the first state examining board that licensed pharmacists in Georgia. Family Tree . With Pembertons widowed wife struggling financially, and his son Charles managing a troubling morphine addiction, the familys once-promising future had turned entirely bleak. Brother of Archibald Pemberton and Martha L. Worsham. He then fought well at the Battle of Monterrey in that fall, and was appointed a brevet captain "for Gallant Conduct in the several Conflicts at [Monterrey]" on September 23. Robinson convinced his boss to allocate a significant portion of their budget to continue marketing the beverage through free drink coupons, banners, streetcar placards and store awnings that read Drink Coca-Cola. The drink soon made a name for itself in Atlanta, and Pemberton had the strong feeling it would spread across the country. Gordon Lee Pete Pemberton was born in Phoenix, AZ on April 25, 1928, to Gordon and Kathleen Pemberton. John C. Pemberton | American Battlefield Trust After practicing medicine and surgery in Rome, he opened a wholesale-retail business in Columbus in 1853. William Pitt Chambers, who served with the 46th Mississippi Infantry, believed it a "conviction" among many Confederate soldiers, "that our Commanding General had been false to the flag under which he fought." Its fame spread throughout the Southeast, and the demand for the tasty beverage was high. Though born in nearby Knoxville, Georgia, Pemberton, as a young child, moved with his family to the larger city of Columbus, Georgia. The drink was initially sold only at pharmacies, and in syrup form. Skip Ancestry main menu Main Menu. Geni requires JavaScript! Stith Pemberton entered the Reform Medical College of Georgia in Macon, Georgia, and in 1850, at the age of nineteen, he earned his medical degree. As late as April 12, Pemberton believed Grant's forces were withdrawing to Memphis. Pemberton joined the army of the Confederacy in May 1862, and was made first lieutenant. John Pemberton - Age, Birthday, Biography, Children & Facts - HowOld.co In several instances, family members with prominent friends gained favors for John. A romantic by inclination, young John Pemberton exhibited an affinity for languages and art. His parents were James C. Pemberton and Martha L. JOHN PEMBERTON - people search, genealogy, find deceased relatives and locate ancestors + Leaflet | Tiles OpenMapTiles | Data OpenStreetMap contributors Death statistics by year for last name PEMBERTON 0 30 60 90 120 150 1963 1969 1975 1981 1987 1993 1999 2005 Average age at death for last name PEMBERTON 0 30 60 90 120 150 0 22 36 50 64 78 92 He and his family lived there for nearly 30 years, during which time he attended the Reform Medical College of Georgia in Macon, studying both medicine and pharmacy. Two years later he became a trustee of the Atlanta Medical College (later Emory University School of Medicine) and established a business in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where his own brands of pharmaceuticals were manufactured on a large scale. He blended the base syrup with carbonated water by accident when trying to make another glassful of the beverage. Family Tree Maker user home page for John-Pemberton-Northamptonshire. The Sweet Southern Bouquet perfume was a success, and in 1869, the veteran formed the Pemberton, Wilson, Taylor and Company firm and moved to Atlanta the following year. It would get mixed with water on the spot. The original beverage was called Pembertons French Wine Coca and hit the market in 1885. [3] After initially practicing some medicine and surgery, Pemberton opened a drug store in Columbus. Pemberton served in the Confederate army for almost the entire span of the Civil War . Pemberton finally wrote Davis directly, asking he be returned to duty "in any capacity in which you think I may be useful." Gen. Pember ons Death. Pemberton garnered his graduate degree in pharmacy a few years before the Civil War in the 1860s. There were protests against his being buried at Laurel Hill by the families of several famous people, such as General George Meade, Thomas McKean (Signer of the Declarartion of Independence) and Admiral John Adolphus Bernard Dahlgren. Inventor, Biochemist, Pharmacist. Brother of James Clifford Pemberton; Israel Pemberton; Anna Clifford Hollingsworth; Mary Pemberton; Rebecca Clifford Newbold and 6 others; Mary Pemberton; Henry Pemberton; Frances Pemberton; Sarah Pemberton; Lieut. They lived in a Victorian cottage, the Pemberton House in Columbus, a home of historic significance which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 28, 1971. Of Gen. iser. "Is This the Real Thing? Pemberton differentiated his particular drink by adding extracts from other tropical plants, like the caffeine-containing kola nut from African trees and the Central American damiana shrub leaf which was rumored to contain aphrodisiac properties. The seemingly all-curing jack of all trades drink sold rather well, with Pemberton later admitting to an Atlanta newspaper reporter that he based it on an Italian-French beverage called Vin Mariani which was previously endorsed by Pope Leo XIII. Pemberton served with distinction as a lieutenant colonel in the Third Georgia Cavalry Battalion during the Civil War and was almost killed in the fighting at Columbus in April 1865. Pemberton and the 4th returned to garrison duty at Fort Monroe, Virginia in 1842, then were stationed at the U.S. Army Cavalry School at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, in 1842 and 1843, and returned to Fort Monroe from 1844 to 1845. Special to Tho American. John Stith Pemberton, the man who invented Coca-Cola. In response to numerous and complex enemy advances, Pemberton remained on the defensive and thus surrendered all initiative to his adversary. John Pemberton 1846-1919 - Ancestry The final version was finished in May 1886 and was initially sold only in syrup form at the Jacob Pharmacy in town. Only eight years later did Pemberton decide to bottle the beverage, cut out the middle man, and expand. Centered on the secret ingredients of Coca-Cola, imagery related to Pemberton was used to make people more aware of Cokes history and mythology. These traits were conspicuously lacking in the leadership of Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton during the Vicksburg campaign. Searching for a cure for this addiction, he began experimenting with coca and coca wines, eventually creating his own version of Vin Mariani, containing kola nut and damiana, which he called Pemberton's French Wine Coca. The Battle of Champion Hill opened when the leading elements of the Union advance met Confederate cavalry along the Raymond road around 7 a.m. on May 16. Husband of Martha (Worcester) Pemberton and Eleonour Pemberton. [7][8][9], In 1866, seeking a cure for his addiction, he began to experiment with painkillers that would serve as morphine-free alternatives to morphine. view all John Pemberton's Timeline. At sunup the following day, a special train carried his body to Columbus, where a large group of friends, relatives, and admirers laid him to rest. When a. Wikimedia CommonsThe drink was initially sold only at pharmacies, and in syrup form. But the proven children are James, whose will was probated 18 Sep 1783 in Spotsylvania Co., VA; John, William and Nancy.) Davis gave him the following instructions regarding his new assignment: " consider the successful defense of those States as the first and chief object of your command." It was at this point that Pemberton received, courtesy of the U.S. Army, a second communication from Johnston restating his previous order to advance north for the purpose of uniting their forces. After the war with Mexico ended, Pemberton and the 4th Artillery served in garrison duty at Fort Pickens near Pensacola, Florida, in 1849. His father, also named John, was a merchant and land speculator who was politically connected at the national level with none other than President Andrew Jackson. Established in 1860 and outfitted with some $35,000 worth of the newest and most improved equipmentsome of it designed and patented by the companyit was "a magnificent establishment," an enthusiastic reporter from the Atlanta Constitution proclaimed in 1869 when the labs were moved to Atlanta, "one of the most splendid Chemical Laboratories that there is in the country.". It should have come as no surprise to Pemberton then, during the spring of 1863, that Grant's movements were numerous and complex as were his diversions. He grew up in Tolleson, AZ, but attended St. Mary's Elementary and High. With Venable's assistance, Pemberton worked out a set of directions for its preparation that eventually included blending the base syrup with carbonated water, and Frank Mason Robinson came up with the name "Coca-Cola" for the alliterative sound, which was popular among other wine medicines of the time. Connect to the World Family Tree to find out, July 8 1831 - Knoxville, Crawford County, Georgia, James Clifford Pemberton, Martha L. Pemberton (born Gant), Mary Pemberton, Ann Pemberton, Archy Pemberton, Martha Pemberton, Ann Eliza Clifford Pemberton (born Lewis), James Clifford Pemberton, Martha L. Worsham Pemberton (born Gent), Mary Pemberton, Ann Pemberton, Archy Pemberton, Martha L. Worsham Pemberton, July 8 1831 - Knoxville, Crawford County, Georgia, United States, Aug 16 1888 - Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, United States, James Clifford Pemberton, Martha Pemberton (born Worsham), James Clifford Pemberton, Martha L. Pemberton (born Worsham), Anna Eliza Clifford Pemberton (born Lewis), July 8 1831 - Knoxville, Crawford, Georgia, Mary Pemberton, Dr. John Stith Pemberton, Ann Pemberton, Archibald "Archy" Pemberton, Martha Pemberton, Mary Pemberton, American Pharmacist, Inventor Of Coca-Cola, July 8 1831 - Knoxville, Crawford, Georgia, United States, Aug 16 1888 - Atlanta, Fulton, Georgia, United States, James Clifford Pemberton, Martha L Worsham, Mary Pemberton, Archibald Pemberton, Martha Pemberton, Mary Pemberton, Ann Pemberton, Knoxville, Crawford County, Georgia, United States, Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia, United States, Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, United States, We're Related to Royalty and Famous People, John Stith, Lieutenant Colonel, (Civil War), Inventor/founder - Coca-cola Pemberton, Birth of Lt. Col. (CSA), John Stith Pemberton, Death of Lt. Col. (CSA), John Stith Pemberton, Burial of Lt. Col. (CSA), John Stith Pemberton, Druggist, Confederate Veteran, Inventor of Coca Cola. He met Ann Eliza Clifford Lewis of Columbus, Georgia, known to her friends as "Cliff", who had been a student at Wesleyan College in Macon. Dr John Stith Pemberton (1831-1888) - Find a Grave Memorial After initially practicing some medicine and surgery, Dr. Pemberton opened a drug store in Columbus. He suffered from a sabre wound sustained in April 1865, during the Battle of Columbus; his ensuing morphine addiction led him to experiment with various painkillers and toxins. Pemberton was then appointed a major in the Confederate Army Artillery on June 15 and quickly promoted to brigadier general two days later. He then served in Buffalo, New York, in 1841 to 1842, and was promoted to first lieutenant on March 19, 1842. Skip Ancestry navigation Main Menu. He requested what amounted to private art lessons while demonstrating little interest or effort in more military matters. John PEMBERTON, born 1775 - Ancestry Pemberton's use of his cavalry indicates that he perceived that Grierson's raid posed the greatest threat in his department. ", Last edited on 21 February 2023, at 02:19, "National Register Information SystemPemberton House(#71000283)". First commissioned a Lieutenant Colonel in the Confederate Army in April 1861, he was subsequently promoted to Brigadier General, PACS in June of that year. John Stith Pemberton (July 8, 1831 - August 16, 1888) was an American pharmacist and Confederate States Army veteran who is best known as the inventor of Coca-Cola. During World War II, bottling plants were set up in Europe, Africa, and the Pacific islands. He participated with the 4th during the U.S. actions against the Seminole Indians, tribe of native americans in 1837 and 1838, fighting in Florida at the Battle of Locha-Hatchee on January 24, 1838. He entered the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1833, and graduated four years later, standing 27th out of 50 cadets. By contrast, his performance in tactics, artillery, math, and engineering was dismal. Pemberton faced his former Mexican War colleague, the aggressive Union commander Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and over 100,000 Union soldiers in the Vicksburg Campaign. Similarly, indecision and the complete loss of command and control over his army marked Pemberton's leadership before and during the Battle of Champion Hill. Pemberton's business was just named "Coca-Cola Company". John Stith Pemberton was an American pharmacist and is best known for being the inventor of Coca-Cola. According to The New Georgia Encyclopedia, John Stith Pemberton was born on January 8, 1831 in Knoxville, Georgia. John Pemberton, born 1760 - Ancestry Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. With coca leaves imported from South America adding a particular twist what would otherwise be a mere soft drink, Pemberton sold the soda as a nerve tonic, mental aid, headache remedy and a cure for morphine addiction. As a founding member of the Third Georgia Cavalry Battalion, Pemberton defended the city of Columbus became lieutenant colonel as a result. Read full biography Is John Pemberton still alive? Asa Candler bought the business in 1887. Their only child, Charles Nay Pemberton, was born in 1854. Start your family tree ; Import/Export a GEDCOM File ; Search . Pemberton was born to James Clifford Pemberton (born 1803 in North Carolina) and Martha L. Gant (born 1791 in Virginia). Almost immediately he began preparations for combined land and naval operations against Confederate-held Vicksburg. "We are direct importers," the company claimed, "manufacturing all the pharmaceutical and chemical preparations used in the arts and sciences." The Pembertons were of English lineage, the direct paternal ancestor Phineas Pemberton and his family from Lancashire, traveled aboard the ship Submission about 1682 from Liverpool to the Province of Maryland, eventually settling in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. Pemberton retreated to the Big Black River, where he fought and suffered even more heavy losses on May 17. John Stith Pemberton - New Georgia Encyclopedia Pemberton arrived at his new headquarters in Jackson, Mississippi, on October 14. His first brigade command was in the Department of Norfolk, leading its 10th Brigade from June to November. He lived for a time in Virginia, but eventually returned to the state of his birth, where he died and was buried. While serving on the staff of General William Worth, he was awarded the brevets of captain and major, respectively, for his conduct during the Battles of Monterrey and Molino del Rey. John Stith Pemberton (July 8, 1831 August 16, 1888) was an American biochemist and Confederate States Army veteran who is best known as the inventor of Coca-Cola. There he spent some eight months without an assignment. [2] His main talent was chemistry. When Dr. John Stith Pemberton was born on 8 July 1831, in Knoxville, Crawford, Georgia, United States, his father, James Clifford Pemberton, was 35 and his mother, Martha L Worsham, was 40. With Venable's assistance, Pemberton worked out a set of directions for its preparation. They were the parents of at least 1 son. He was an 19th century American physician and chemist from Georgia who invented the popular soft drink Coca-Cola. After the war, John Pemberton lived on his farm near Warrenton, Virginia, from 1866 to 1876, and then returned to Pennsylvania. He died in 1748, in Virginia, British Colonial America, at the age of 30. Historical Person Search Search Search Results Results John Pemberton (1846 - 1919) . In 1885 a reporter from the Atlanta Journal approached the creator of French Wine Coca and asked him for a detailed analysis of the new drink. John C. Pemberton - Wikipedia Stay up-to-date on the American Battlefield Trust's battlefield preservation efforts, travel tips, upcoming events, history content and more. Husband of Anna Eliza Clifford Pemberton Vicksburg was recognized as the "Gibraltar of the Confederacy" due to its elevation on the high bluffs overlooking the great river. A vintage Coca-Cola delivery truck, and visceral reminder of just how long the drink has been around. Promoted to Captain in 1850, he was part of the 1858 operations in Utah against the Mormons led by Albert Sidney Johnston. Born on January 8, 1831, in Knoxville, in Crawford County, Pemberton grew up and attended the local schools in Rome, where his family lived for almost thirty years. When hushed whispers of alcohol prohibition began to hit Atlantas city government in 1886, Pemberton feared his new and popular drink could soon be banned. People Projects Discussions Surnames Sick and desperate, he began selling rights to his formula to his business partners in Atlanta. He was the stationed at Fort Kearny in the New Mexico Territory in 1859, at Fort Ridgely in present-day Minnesota from 1859 to 1861, and in garrison duty at the Washington Arsenal in Washington, D.C., in 1861. After his exchange he resigned his Lieutenant General commission, and was appointed as a Lieutenant Colonel of Artillery on the urging of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Pembertons new store specialized in materia medica (substances used in making medical remedies). John Pemberton. He was the first of 11 children born to Gordon and Kathleen. [22] Pemberton had a hunch that his formula "someday will be a national drink", so he attempted to retain a share of the ownership to leave to his son. Wrong username or password. Dr. John Stith Pemberton (1831-1888) FamilySearch Birth of John Pemberton. Wikimedia CommonsA portrait of John Stith Pemberton from sometime before 1888. Unfortunately, he died before he could reap what he sowed. After the war he took up farming. Pemberton was born on July 8, 1831, in Knoxville, Georgia, and spent most of his childhood in Rome, Georgia. It is instructive to distinguish between John Pemberton's suitability as a staff officer and his abilities as a battlefield commander. According to Encyclopedia, he married Wesleyan College student Ann Eliza Clifford Lewis that same year, and the newlyweds had a son named Charles the following year. Munchkins Assaulted Judy Garland On 'Wizard Of Oz' Set, New Book Claims, Study Linking Loneliness And Heart Disease Debunked, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. He then served along the northern U.S. frontier during the Canada Border Disturbances. He dropped the reference to wine in the name of the beverage, substituted sugar syrup for the wine, and coined the name "Coca-Cola" to identify his formula. Nine months later he was a Confederate major general in command of the Department of South Carolina and Georgia, which included the pillar of states' rights doctrine: Charleston. He got wounded in the battle of 1865. Pemberton then admitted that his coca and kola beverage was based on Vin Mariani, a French formula perfected by Mariani and Company of Paris, which since 1863 had been the world's only standard preparation of erythroxylon coca. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Stith_Pemberton. Our Beloved Father was welcomed into the arms of the Lord on December 2, 2022. Had you succeeded none would have blamed; had you not made the attempt, few if any would have defended your course. John Clifford Pemberton (August 10, 1814 July 13, 1881), was a career United States Army officer who fought in the Seminole Wars and with distinction during the MexicanAmerican War. He was 57 years old when he died. Confederate forces under the command of Brigadier General John S. Bowen challenged the advance of Grant's army shortly after midnight on May 1 as it began moving toward the interior of Mississippi. It was decided that Pemberton would be interred elsewhere; however, he ended up in an obscure area of the cemetery. His main talent was chemistry. Husband of Frances Littlepage This was unique in the South during that time. [6] John D. Winters described the men under Pemberton as "a beaten and demoralized army, fresh from the defeat at Corinth, Mississippi." John Pemberton (1642 - c.1691) - Genealogy - geni family tree Basically, another chemist named Ava Candler, wrestled control of the business away from Pemberton an. Here are 5 facts about druggist and chemist John Stith Pemberton, the brains behind 1 of America's most recognized products. Connect to the World Family Tree to find out, Aug 10 1814 - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, July 13 1881 - Penllyn, Pennsylvania, USA. In the end, the ambitious scientist and entrepreneur created one of the most successful and enduring consumer products of our time one that has yet to be rivaled by competing alternatives in its niche. The analytical and manufacturing laboratories of J. S. Pemberton and Company of Columbus were unique in the South. John Michael Pemberton 1947-1972 - Ancestry Life at West Point agreed with Cadet Pemberton as he frequently expressed in letters throughout his four-year residence. While the Thirteenth and Seventeenth Corps of Grant's army were moving south in Louisiana, the Fifteenth Corps was making a demonstration north of Vicksburg. But it did. Investor and Northern pharmacist Asa G. Candler was one of the main owners by this point, while Pemberton left his third of the pie for his son. "Richard Gardiner, "The Civil War Origin of Coca-Cola in Columbus, Georgia". Twenty-four hours later, Pemberton offered to forward two brigades to General Joseph Johnston even though by that time he was less confident that Grant was withdrawing. YouTubeA statue of Pemberton outside of the Coca-Cola headquarters. In 1886 the city of Atlanta introduced prohibition, which, among other things, forbade the sale of wine. On March 29, 1863, Grant ordered his Thirteenth and Seventeenth Corps to begin marching south on the Louisiana side of the Mississippi River. He graduated 27th of 50 cadets in the class of 1837. According to The Coca-Cola Company, its products are consumed more than 1.9 billion per day. [10][11][12] His first recipe was "Dr. Tuggle's Compound Syrup of Globe Flower", in which the active ingredient was derived from the buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), a toxic plant. From 1845 to 1846, Pemberton and the 4th Artillery were part of the U.S. Military Occupation of Texas, and then the 4th was sent to Mexico at the start of the Mexican-American War. Are the heirs of John Pemberton, inventor of Coke, still - Quora A graduate student and Civil War veteran, Pemberton would eventually concoct one of the most enduring beverages of all time before dying a penniless drug addict who sold the Coca-Cola rights. Son of James Pemberton and Rebecca Pemberton He and the 4th fought again in Florida during hostilities against the Seminoles from 1856 to 1857. An examination of his talents, interests, education, and antebellum career demonstrate that while he was proficient in the former, he was sorely lacking in the experience, skills, and qualities necessary for the latter. Everyone has heard the rumors it once contained cocaine, but only a sliver of the population knows anything about its inventor John Stith Pemberton. John Stith Pemberton (July 8, 1831 - August 16, 1888) was an American biochemist and Confederate States Army veteran who is best known as the inventor of Coca-Cola. Home; Trees; . Davis replied that his own personal confidence in him remained unshaken, saying: I thought and still think that you did right to risk an army for the purpose of keeping command of even a section of the Mississippi River. illegal drugs that doctors once prescribed. Wigan, Lancashire, England, UK . Discover the family tree of John Stith Pemberton for free, and learn about their family history and their ancestry. Clifford Pemberton (USA) less, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Pemberton. Questions of his loyalty to his chosen cause still linger to this day; however, the record of his war service proves he never wavered in his devotion to his adopted South. There he built a mansion in 1687 and had served as William Penn's chief administrator. His nephews were in charge of recording and collating customer reactions, which led to one of Pembertons main breakthroughs in arriving at the final concoction adding citric acid to combat the syrups intense sweetness.