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PHMC. Later, some of the 11th Pennsylvania took part in the patrol actions in New Jersey, which marked the spring and summer of 1777. To make amends for such depreciation, each of these men who in 1781 yet remained in line service was awarded a substantial sum inDepreciation Pay Certificates, which were both interest bearing and negotiable, like bonds of the present day. Consolidated on January 17, 1781 with the, Reorganized on January 1, 1783 at Ashley Hills, South Carolina, to consist of 9 companies, and assigned to the. American Revolutionary War Organized spring 1777 at York, Pennsylvania, with personnel from York County. Similar groups, commonly known as Associators, soon sprang up in surrounding counties. Under the provisions of the Militia Act, each individual summmoned had the right to file an appeal asking that their service be delayed and some successfuly avoided service by repeatedly filing appeals. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. For Northumberland County, the number of militiamen serving in each company of the 1776 Associator Battalions and for the 1778 3rd and 4th Militia Battalions is provided. When several classes were called up for active duty, a separate roll for each company listed the names of the men who actually served, either in person or as substitutes. A third type of militia duty was in providing guards for supply depots located in Lancaster, Lebanon and Reading and at various prisoner of war camps. They also helped garrison Fort Pitt, Fort Henry, and a number of smaller posts. Disbanded on July 1, 1778 at White Plains, New York. The Regiment was authorized on January 4, 1776 in the Continental Army as the 6th Pennsylvania Battalion. Pennsylvania Revolutionary Soldiers The following names are not included in the regular muster rolls. It gained permanent status as a two-company force on 15 October of that year and provided reconnaissance capability to the Northern Department until 1 January 1781 when it disbanded at Coos, New Hampshire, as part of a general reorganization of the Continental Army. Pennsylvania Militia and a chart showing how the units were organized is available. He was an able leader with a reputation of taking care of the welfare of his men. Union County, Sullivan in his campaign against the Iroquois in western Pennsylvania. Please try again later. The regiment never recruited the Indian component, and changes in British operations led to the transformation of the white elements into normal infantry. Watson was cut off from outside information, for his messengers could not break through Marions cordon. These active duty rolls could be distinguished from the permanent billet rolls by the fact that instead of being listed by individual classes as they were in the permanent rolls, the names of the men were here listed under the name of the company captain. USA, Winfield, Re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 8th Pennsylvania Regiment. Due to bad tactics, the unit took the heaviest losses in the engagement. Frustration had set in on the British in regard to Marion, and the decision was made by Cornwallis replacement as field commander in South Carolina, Lord Francis Rawdon, to try and eradicate the pest once and for all. Organized in spring 1777 at Kittanning to consist of 8 companies from Westmoreland County. Essentially, the old 2nd Pennsylvania ceased to exist before the final campaign in Virginia and South Carolina, although former members of the regiment were battle casualties at Green Springs on July 6 and Yorktown in October. 14 cemeteries found in will be saved to your photo volunteer list. A covering force of riflemen were swept aside by Watsons artillery, allowing Watsons guard to ford the stream unopposed. Pennsylvania therefore adapted her fleet to shallow waters. Relieved on November 18, 1776 from St. Clair's Brigade. Due to the sixty-day turnover, however, none of the men who were at Brandywine in September would have been present at Whitemarsh in December. Organization was territorial, so that normally a company consisted of men from a single township, while a battalion included all the Associators of several neighboring townships. Please reset your password. Home Battles 1775 to 1783 Campaigns Continental Army Continental Navy British Army Flags of the Revolution War Facts War Leaders Patriot Leaders British Leaders In December, the 2nd Pennsylvania returned to Morristown for another winter. Leaving his dead in an abandoned rock quarry and loading his wounded on wagons, Watson and his crack regiment began their withdrawal at the double-time on 28 March toward Georgetown. Reorganized and re-designated 1 January 1, 1777 as the 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. Associators remained independent of the Continental (Pennsylvania) Line which was comprised of regular, enlisted infantrymen. Captured by one of Rogers scouting units and personally escorted to confinement by Rogers, himself, the great American patriot Hale would be tried and hung from the gallows shortly thereafter, as a traitor, but not before uttering his immortal declaration, I only regret that I have one life to lose for my country.. Safely camped in the vicinity of Georgetown later that evening, Watson was extremely bitter, complaining that Marion and his men would not sleep and fight like gentlemen. Instead, like savages, they were eternally firing and whooping around us by night, and by day waylaying and popping at us from behind every tree! Marion and his partisan group of uncivilized American militia had soundly defeated the Buffs Regiment, one of the finest fighting combat units in the world. The Flying Camp? Pennsylvania Long Rifles. In this contest "Lord Sterling's Division & particularly Conway's Brigade" were seen to have "remarkably distinguished themselves." By the end of October, the unit had suffered substantially from all the fighting, including the loss of Williams who was captured at Germantown. Exercise Fine. The morning following their initial engagement, Watson resumed his march down the Santee Road with Marion slowly backing away before him, remaining out of the range of the British artillery. Reorganized and redesignated on January 1, 1777 as the 2nd Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. Watson rode back to rally his men only to have his horse shot from under him. It also provided an avenue for conscientious objectors to fulfill their legal obligation to the state without compromising their religious convictions. Congress called for a Flying Camp to serve under General George Washington. To make amends for such depreciation, each of these men who in 1781 yet remained in line service was awarded a substantial sum in General financial confusion and the collapse of wartime currencies made prompt payment impossible, but eventually, under an act of April 1, 1784, Pennsylvania compensated such payment for their active service and settled accounts with certain other public creditors by passing to them interesting bearing Northumberland County Revolutionary War Militia Upper Division Associators, 24 January 1776 Commanding Officers: Col. unknown There were hopes that under this new form of government military service would become mandatory. Thus, the Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion, being the first unit formed by the state, became the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment, The 1st Pennsylvania Battalion became the nucleus of the 2nd Pennsylvania Regiment and so on. Originally, the 6th Pennsylvania Battalion, the 7th Pennsylvania was authorized on January 4, 1776. About. At Trenton, it was the 1st Continental Regiment (now known as the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment) that cut off the Hessian retreat from Trenton, causing them to surrender. Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Military Records Pennsylvania in the Revolutionary War 1st Pennsylvania Regiment Brief History Also known as the Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion and Thompson's Rifle Battalion. They took part in campaigns against the Indian towns in northwest Pennsylvania in concert with the Sullivan/Clinton campaign, and again against the hostile Indians in southeast Ohio. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. Four men running forward to recover his body were also killed in sequence. For example, what had been Colonel White's 1st York County Battalion continued to be made up of the same men, but could now be designated as perhaps Colonel Black's 7th York County Battalion. The regiment was assigned to the 3d Pennsylvania Brigade of the Main Continental Army on 27 May 1777. Swearingen resigned from the service in August 1779 and settled in Washington County, Pa., where he owned a handful of slaves and became the county's first sheriff two years later. Other units in the Continental Army either used the term ranger in their designation or were commonly called rangers, but did not serve in that capacity in the traditional sense. The men elected new officers at this time and the militia battalions were renumbered according to the relative seniority of their commanders. . Gen. Anthony Wayne's Division. Flying Camps were what we today might call mobile military reserves. As a result of this alliance, Rogers greatest claim to fame during the Revolution and possibly most infamous overall was the seizure of Nathan Hale. Organized between June 25- July 20, 1775 to consist of 9 companies from Cumberland, Lancaster, Northumberland, Northampton, Bedford, Berks and York Counties. Refusal to turn out for military exercises would result in a fine, the proceeds from which were used to hire substitutes. USA. In 1780, the 7th Pennsylvania was part of a force which defended against a Hessian attack on New Bridge, New Jersey on April 16, 1780 and then at Paramus. 14 cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. After wintering at Valley Forge the regiment was assigned to the Western Department, headquartered at Fort Pitt. The majority of the Regiment fought with the main army at Brandywine, covered the American retreat at Paoli, attacked at Germantown, and skirmished at Whitemarsh. "Light Horse Harry" Lee of Virginia (the father of Robert E. Lee) raised the only American-born unit under this concept. Pennsylvania State Navy. The regiment as a whole seems to have seen its first major action at the Battle of Brandywine, on September 11, 1777, and saw especially hard fighting, taking heavy casualties. Reorganized and re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. In contrast, however, they received uniforms and arms from the state. The financial difficulties of the new government, difficulties that lasted into the 1790's, complicated the payment of troops. In fact, Major General Friedrich von Steuben wrote a separate drill manual for them in late 1780. Marions response was to once again reiterate his position that he was only responding in kind to British transgressions. In October it participated in Anthony Wayne's defeat of the British at Valcour Island, but otherwise had an uneventful tour of garrison duty. An attack against Morgan and his crack shots by a British force of 1,100 men would result in a brilliant double envelopment that has been called by historians the American Cannae. The British defeat was total with over 110 soldiers killed and 830 captured. Frequently no substitute was furnished, but instead a Late that afternoon, he bivouacked south of Nelsons Ferry. Somewhat similarly, at the end of the war arrearages and allowances due were met by issuing to each soldier still in the service a number of interest-bearing Final Settlements, also calledPierce's Certificates. Only in extreme cases was any individual militia man required to drill with his neighbors as many as twelve times each year, and at most he was called upon to perform during the entire course of the war, two or possibly three, short tours of active duty. Inspite of the the heavy loss of life at Paoli the Regiment fought on October 4, 1777 at Germantown. 3, The Pennsylvania Line: Regimental Organization and Operations, 17751783. With no radical changes, the new militia system served the Commonwealth through war and peace until 1842. Lee particularly shined when his regulars stiffened the irregular local forces of leaders like Francis ("Swamp Fox") Marion. The Pine Tree Shilling. Revolutionary War Pension Payment Ledgers, 1818-1872 from NARA microfilm publication T718. Since the company captain and lower officers were also called up, their identities provide a clue to the permanent class, company, and battalion to which a particular individual belonged. USA. Pennsylvania was assigned to provide 12 of these "Continental" regiments and decided to use the battalions created in 1775 as the foundation for the state's quota. Keystone State. (these are free with registration) Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 from National Archives (NARA) microfilm publication M246. Union County, Crossing the road that led from Murrys Ferry to Kingstree, Watson continued to follow Marion toward Georgetown. The Regiment was authorized on June 14, 1775 in the Continental Army as 6 separate companies of Pennsylvania Riflemen and assigned to the Main Army. About; Leadership; Public Information; Contact; Join; . January 3, 1777 The Battle of Princeton. The Pennsylvania Riflemen are sent to the left near Flatbush and the Musketeers are sent to the right with General Alexander. Many of the men who served in 1776 reenlisted and to these were added new recruits to fill out the regiment. Organized between February 7- March 17, 1776 at Reading, Pennsylvania, with personnel from Berks County. Reorganized on January 1, 1783 at Lancaster, to consist of 7 companies in the. This time, the question of military service was no longer optional. It remained in the Western Department till the end of the war. For the 2nd Class, the colonel of the 2nd Battalion, lieutenant colonel of the First Battalion, and major of the 4th Battalion entered service in command of the 2nd Class active-duty battalion. Brinkerhoff, Jacob; ensign, Captain Williams' company, Colonel Michael Swope's battalion of the flying camp; in service, 1776. Realizing that he had done enough and that his men would not be able to stand in the open ground against such a disciplined and highly trained force, Marion had his men remount and follow him, leaving the field of battle to Watson. Associators patterned essentially upon groups which had existed briefly in 1747-1748 and again after Braddock's defeat in 1755. Colonels Colonel William Thompson, Colonel Edward Hand, Colonel James Chambers Companies In the meantime, the regiment was commanded by the senior officer present for duty, Maj. William Williams. Pennsylvania, A militiaman called for active duty who found such duty inconvenient was permitted to hire a Substitute to march and fight in his stead. Gen. Anthony Wayne's division. USA. The regiment would see action during the Battle of Valcour Island, Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Battle of Springfield. Gen. Thomas Mifflin. This was the second unit raised by the state (the first was "The Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion") and was enrolled for a term of one year. Largely due to its Quaker roots, Pennsylvania did not initially (like neighboring colonies) form a standing militia. Upon reaching the ford site, the captain was killed with one shot from the Marions sharpshooter commander. The geographical boundaries for each district were drawn so as to raise between 440 to 680 men fit for active duty as determined by information contained in the local tax rolls. At the outbreak of hostilities between the Crown and the colonies in 1775 the Pennsylvania Assembly opposed any form of mandatory military service. "Pennsylvania Rifle: Revolutionary Weapon in a Conventional War." Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 103 (July 1979), pp. Gen. Anthony Wayne and Washington south in August where they fought at Brandywine on September 11, 1777. During the battle, Colonel Miles, Atlee and Lt. Union County, When the army was reorganized on January 1, 1776, the Battalion was renamed the 1st Continental Regiment of Foot. These actions earned the Rangers a reputation for ruthlessness. The sharpshooters were placed at the abutment where they had the clearest shot at the far end of the bridge while the remaining musketeers secured their flanks. It halted the British attack but was itself compelled to retire under subsequent artillery fire. Miscellaneous private papers relating to the French and Indian War, the Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Mexican War, Civil War, Spanish-American War, Philippine Insurrection, World War I, the Pennsylvania National Guard, and peacetime military service. With knowledge of the land, James and his men were able to secure the bridge before the arrival of Watsons dragoons. Pennsylvania, On June 30, 1775, the Provincial Assembly gave official recognition to the Associators and grouped their companies into battalions. Most of Whitcomb's men came from New Hampshire and the Hampshire Grants (now Vermont). From beginning to end during the Revolutionary War, the brunt of the fighting was borne by line troops, companies composed of men enlisted for not less than six months and frequently for the duration of the war. Fairfax County, Seven miles later at Ox Swamp, he encountered destroyed bridges and an abatis across the causeway. Re-designated on June 22, 1775 as the Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment. The 6th Pennsylvania was then posted there for the next three months and was involved in several brushes with the British. For all intents the Regiment ceased to exist. Following additional successes by the Swamp Fox, General Nathanael Greene would write the following to Francis Marion: When I consider how much you have done and suffered, and under what disadvantage you have maintained your ground, I am at a loss which to admire most, your courage and fortitude, or your address and management. Rangers committed to prolonged enlistment periods and rather than fight the war for independence, they patrolled Pennsylvania's western frontier, often fending off Indian attacks. Westmoreland County Revolutionary War Militia 1st Battalion, 1777 Commanding Officers: Col. Alexander Barr Lt. Col. John Pomery Major James Wilkins 2nd Battalion, 1777 Commanding Officers: Col. John Perry Lt. Col. John Shields Major Christopher Lavengair 3rd Battalion, 1778 Commanding Officers: Col. James Smith Lt. Col. Providence Mounts Soldiers remaining in the regiment were reassigned to other units and eventually sent south to take part in the Yorktown Campaign. A system error has occurred. RevWar '75 Continental Army Orderly Books Crown Forces Orderly Books Articles from Military Collector and Historian. Soldiers who served during the years 1777-1780, when the currency was depreciating, were paid inContinental bills of Credit, which quickly lost value. It was assigned on August 12, 1776 to Stirling's Brigade, an element of the, The Regiment was authorized on October 6, 1777 in the Continental Army as two Carlisle Independent Companies and assigned to the, Organized between October 20- December 22, 1777 at Carlisle. Though the act provided exemptions for members of the Continental Congress, Pennsylvania's Supreme Executive Council, Supreme Court judges, masters and teachers of colleges, ministers of the Gospel, and indentured servants, as a practical matter anyone could avoid serving either by filing an appeal to delay their service for a period of time or by paying a fine to hire a substitute. The Pennsylvania Line: Regimental Organization and Operations, 1776-1783 by John B.B. Captured in part on November 16, 1776 by the British Army at Fort Washington, New York. Organized between January 2- February 17, 1776 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies. On June 10, 1777, the Pennsylvania Assembly, following the advice of the Supreme Executive Council of the state, transferred the state regiment to Continental service. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. Commanded by Dan Morgan, this Ranger force was singled out by British General John Burgoyne, the commander of British forces intent on isolating the New England colonies, as the most famous corps of the Continental Army, all of them crack shots.. Following a disastrous expedition to Quebec, Canada, and his subsequent capture and parole as a prisoner, Morgan was appointed a colonel of a rifle regiment. Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 (M246), and other historical records. On these permanent billet rolls the men in each company were listed as being either part of the first class, second class, third class, etc. The regiment was furloughed, on June 11, 1783, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and disbanded on November 15, 1783. It performed excellently in a light infantry role at the battle of Harlem Heights on 16 September 1776, but Knowlton suffered a mortal wound.