[27], In 2004, months before he was released from prison, Gotti was charged in an 11-count racketeering indictment which included an alleged plot to kidnap Curtis Sliwa, founder of the Guardian Angels, as well as securities fraud, extortion and loansharking. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. She wrote her first book, Women and Mitral Valve Prolapse, in 1995 and published five others through the years. Over the course of years, Victoria gave birth to their five children - Angel in 1961, Victoria in 1962, John A. in 1964, Frank in 1967, and Peter Gotti, Jr. in 1974 - their first son John . Agnello was charged with racketeering and arson in 2000 but accepted a plea bargain in return for a reduced sentence. Mafia chieftain John Gotti's children, Angel, Victoria and Peter, as well as three grandchildren, speak openly about a life shrouded in secrecy and reveal what they . they definitely got the story wrong maybe on purpose so she can have her privacy! Her parents got divorced when she was just two years old. John was jailed for racketeering in 1999. "Junior" Gotti, Frank and Peter. On Saturday . In August 2005, days before the third season premiere of Growing Up Gotti, Gotti stated that she had breast cancer. See the Gotti family album here. Danniella Westbrook bio: All the top details about her age, kids, drug abuse, net worth. Master manifestor and Memphian, Yo Gotti, did just that and it appears that all he wanted has finally come to fruition. I quietly made my way down the stairs, and thats when I found it a small tape recorder attached to a set of wires leading to the main panel. Then Im calling off the wedding and hunting him down like a wild animal. In September 2010, Fiore Films announced that it had secured the rights from Gotti to produce a movie about his life,[52] in particular his relationship with his father. For further details of our complaints policy and to make a complaint please click this link: thesun.co.uk/editorial-complaints/, John Gotti was the Gambino crime family boss since 1985, Gottis work in the Gambino crime family led to multiple arrests and charges, Richard Gotti and his son Richard G. Gotti, Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO). What a wedding! She married the notorious gangster John Gotti on March 6, 1962. Exclusive: The Gottis Revealed. Who does he think hes playing with?. They had a total of five children Angel, Victoria, John A., Frank, and Peter J. Gotti. John was born on May 5, 1987, in Long Island, New York, United States, and is currently 34 years of age. + Add or change photo on IMDbPro . Most people wont believe me, but I honestly had no idea he had anything to do with the life.. Gotti maintains that he has since left the Gambino family and wrote a book in 2015 titled Shadow of My Father. Victoria, John's second child, is arguably the most popular of John's children. John Gotti's grandson has married in a star-studded ceremony. She has four siblings including three brothers and one sister. Leah Gotti Boyfriend. Her estimated net worth in 2019 is over $2 million, while John Gottis net worth at the time of his death was over $30 million. [38], During the trial, Gotti allegedly threatened Alite by mouthing the words "I'll kill you", and engaged in a shouting match with his former associate. The comments below have not been moderated. My mothers silence was chilling. [7], On September 22, 2013, Gotti made a guest appearance on The Real Housewives of New Jersey alongside cast member Teresa Giudice, appearing in the season 5 episode "Hair We Go Again". He was sentenced to 16 years in federal prison but was later released in August of 2005. Exclusive: Gotti daughter reveals her health crisis", "Victoria Gotti denies lying about cancer", "The Celebrity Apprentice recap: Let the Jousting Begin! I was frozen. Victoria Gotti married her long-time boyfriend know known as Carmine Agnello. Come on, dont tell me you really believed Id shoot you.. What is Talia Shire from Rocky doing now? Watch. The couple welcomed their first child, Angel Gotti, in 1961. Carmine Agnellom. Victoria Gotti's Kids: Her First Child Was Stillborn. Children:- Angel Gotti, Frank Gotti, John A. Gotti, Peter Gotti, Victoria Gotti. Get the hottest stories from the largest news site in Nigeria. Part of the Daily Mail, The Mail on Sunday & Metro Media Group. So that she was well aware of her husband and strongly facing . Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. He was a legitimate businessman who had built an empire I couldnt imagine what he could possibly be arrested for. Gotti's work in the Gambino crime family led to multiple arrests and charges Credit: AP:Associated Press. Agnello accepted a plea deal two years later but only paid a fine and evaded prison time. John Gotti Victoria DiGiorgio love story began in 1958 when they met at a bar. His threats to Agnello regarding how he expected his daughter to be treated were heeded at least until the Dapper Don was locked up in 1992 for a decade until his death in prison. The Gottis married in 1962, when Victoria Gotti was 17 years old, and had five children together, though son Frank was killed by a car on March 18, 1980. . The infamous John Gotti - who was known as Teflon Don - arranged for Agnello to become a made member of the Gambino family after he married Gotti's daughter. To inquire about a licence to reproduce material, visit our Syndication site. As a matter of law, the DA contacted Cutler. His ancestry hailed from San Giuseppe Vesuviano, in the province of Naples, Italy, where his parents were from. IT CAME as no surprise one day when I received a call from my fathers lawyer, Bruce Cutler. Carmine Agnello, 61, is the nephew of Gotti and the husband of Victoria. I had a friend in those days that Carmine was not too fond of an attractive, recently single woman who lived in Brooklyn. "[41] Gotti, Federal Bureau of Prisons Register # 00632-748, was released on December 1, 2009. I wanted to slap him. Victoria Gotti. Angel Gotti Grandma to Frankie & Nico. A bitter mob beef has been playing out in cyberspace, and now pits late godfather John Gotti's daughter and grandson against a Mafia "rat" in court. Its not like hes somebody. By which I meant somebody involved in the life. Oil Painting in the Gotti home of John and wife Victoria, Posted by Free John Gotti onThursday, January 24, 2013. [47], In 1990, Gotti married Kimberly Albanese. After the incident, Victoria Gotti told the New York Daily News that Alite was "a pathological liara rat caught in a proverbial trap, caught in his own lies"[39] Alite testified that Gotti was responsible for at least eight murders, among other crimes. John Gotti and his wife Victoria DiGiorgio welcomed five kids, Victoria, John, Frank, Peter, and Angel. . And the daughter's name is Angel Gotti (Eldest) and Victoria Gotti. Convicted leader of New Jersey crime family who inspired Ken Bruce finishes his 30-year tenure as host of BBC Radio 2, Insane moment river of rocks falls onto Malibu Canyon in CA, Pavement where disabled woman gestured at cyclist before fatal crash, Pro-Ukrainian drone lands on Russian spy planes exposing location, 'Buster is next!' This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. Gene was sent to federal prison for three months. Victoria Gotti, 58, is the daughter of Gotti and a reality TV star and writer. [40] One of the jurors said, "they should stop this nowit's ridiculous," while another said, "It's abusive. He didnt answer, but only shot me a strange and unnerving glare. I didnt tell her about the gun, just that Carmine and I had a fight. Lots of weird trolls in her chat, Glorifying her father and going after mob informants. Victorias parents were not earning enough money for the family, both working in the same factory they divorced two years after Victoria was born, but rumor has it that Victoria inherited $1 million from her mothers relatives when she grew a bit older. We are no longer accepting comments on this article. When Carmine found out, he became so jealous, so enraged, he drove to the restaurant and made a scene outside, yelling and pressing down on the car horn. Born on April 12, 1990, in Long Island, New York. . Undercover cops allegedly made 11 buys from Gotti, purchasing $46,000 . But at dinner, Carmine mentioned something this friend had said to me earlier that day, something no one else would know about a man she was dating. The couple were married on March 6, 1962. Through his attorney Jeffrey Lichtman, Gotti admitted that he had been involved in the Gambino crime family in the 1990s, and had even been slated to lead the organization after his father was sent to jail in 1992, but claimed he had left criminal life behind after his conviction in 1999. I was just coming to terms with the notion this wedding wasnt to be. Final Report of the New York State Organized Crime Task Force, Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act, "In Break From Code, Gotti Women Soak Up Trial Spotlight", "Victoria Gotti: Reality Television Star (1962)", "Junior Gotti was watching TV with pals when he learned truth about father John Gotti, he recalls", "page from FBI file available on the Smoking Gun website", "Gotti Jr. on Living and Leaving a Life of Crime", "Gotti Is Still Crime Boss, U.S. One night while I was serving dinner, he said something that greatly disturbed me. Printed by per mission of Pocket Books, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Just a few minutes later, a dirty old tow truck pulled up to the church with Carmine in the passenger side and his brother Mike at the wheel. Her Body Measurements are 34-22-32 Inches, Leah Gotti waist size 22 inches, and hip size 32 inches. He then served as a key prosecution witness against Gotti. However, John surrendered to the police on 14 December 1992 to face numerous charges, and spent the rest of his life in the US Penitentiary at Marion, Illinois, most of his time in solitary confinement, being allowed to spend only an hour per day outside. Victoria DiGiorgio Family. I dont believe Carmine would go that far, Cutler said. [2] Gotti was raised in a two-story house in Howard Beach, New York, with his four siblings,[3] which include sisters Victoria Gotti,[4] and Angel,[5] and brothers Frank and Peter. According to the indictment, the Gambinos had forced the owners of Scores to pay $1 million over a six-year period in order to stay in business, with Gotti's share of the money totaling $100,000. Something like, If you keep stealing my customers, youll pay the price in the end. A week later, the man increased his prices yet again. Victoria DiGiorgio grandchildren are five in number, and she has at least two great-grandchildren. She married her high school sweetheart, Carmine Agnello in 1984 but divorced in 2003. Why does Gary Soto's work seem autobiographical? A few minutes later, he was standing in the doorway. Her parents were immigrants who settled in New York City. [43] In January 2010, the government decided not to pursue further charges against Gotti. They're back! Gotti married Victoria DiGiorgio in 1962 after she gave birth to their first child Angela and already pregnant for the second. In This Mob Wives Season 5 Supertrailer", "Victoria Gotti slams 'Mob Wives' as 'train wreck,' says she doesn't have much in common with Karen Gravano", "Lifetime Greenlights 'Victoria Gotti: My Father's Daughter' And 'Death Of A Cheerleader' Remake", "Video tour: Long Island's abandoned and foreclosed 'Growing Up Gotti' mansion", "Victoria Gottis Hot Mess of a Mansion Hits the Market", "Victoria Gotti Faces Foreclosure on Mansion", https://pagesix.com/2023/01/17/victoria-gotti-mansion-from-growing-up-gotti-foreclosed-on/, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Gotti&oldid=1142801727, Participants in American reality television series, Pages using infobox person with multiple parents, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 12:59. Victoria reportedly inherited $1 million from her mother. Irv Gotti was born Irving Domingo Lorenzo, Jr. on June 26, 1970, in Hollins, Queens, New York City. In case you didn't know, John is the son of Victoria Gotti and Carmine Agnello. She also keeps the memory of her father alive through social media and posts about him on Twitter.Whom is Angel married. John Gotti Agnello at the VH1 Big in 05 Awards, 2005. They had four more children, Victoria and three sons John A. She excelled academically in school and began college at the age of 15. When the competition stole many of his loyal clients, Carmine went ballistic. She has long brown hair and brown eyes, is 5ft 5ins (1.65m) tall, weighs around 132lbs (60kgs), and her vital statistics are 35-27-34; she wears shoes size six. She will turn 78 years old in December 2020. Who is Aaron Hernandez daughter Avielle Janelle Hernandez? To say he did so relectantly would b e an understatement. [10][11][12], In April 1992, his father, John J. Gotti, received a life sentence for racketeering and related offenses. Digiogios net worth as of 2020 is estimated to be $2 million. John J. Gotti. I stopped seeing her but did speak to her on the phone now and then. Angel Gotti, and two sons, Frank Gotti and Peter Gotti. During the trial two former associates, Michael DiLeonardo and Joseph D'Angelo, testified against Gotti. The Genovese family was so unimpressed with Gotti that it refused to deal with him at all. There was a heavy weight on my chest, crushing me with a viselike grip. Victoria has been a housewife ever since she married John, and has never launched a career in any field. It finally hit me my husband was listening in on my conversations somehow. John A. Gotti is the son of Gotti and Victoria DiGiorgio. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The drunk driver was their neighbour John Favara. you got it backwords, her mom is a russian jew. Unfortunately for John J. Gotti (John Gotti Jr.'s nephew stay with us), the life of crime caught up with him fairly early into his 20s. I found this extremely odd and asked him how he knew about this. He told me he was going to be arrested. . Of Italian-American descent, John was a gangster who became the head of the Gambino crime family, operating in New York City. While his mother is an American writer, and reality television personality, his father is infamous as a New York mobster from the Gambino crime family. What are the 4 major sources of law in Zimbabwe? The Untold Truth of Steven Yeuns Wife- Joana Pak. 20.1K followers. John Gotti's grandson John Gotti Agnello married his longtime love Alina Sanchez in a lavish wedding that reportedly raked in $2.5 million -- report. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. It's almost become a mockery. Victoria DiGiorgio was a teenage girl who fell in love with a mobster. Gotti was allegedly involved in New York street gangs as a teenager and reportedly worked with the Mafia-associated Fulton-Rockaway Boys gang for some time. john gotti jr daughter weddingglen powell le gourmet wife February 18, 2023 john gotti jr daughter weddingthe keepers jean lying February 3, 2023 Published: 15:00 GMT, 1 October 2015 | Updated: 10:02 GMT, 2 October 2015. Does Jessie Graff Tumbleweed from American N Seo Soojin (GIDLE) Age, Height, Hair, Tattoos, Dat Actor Thom Barry - Net Worth, Wife, Biography. He is also accused of injecting race horses with performance-enhancing drugs such as steroids. Victoria Gotti has four siblings named as, Frank Gotti, Angel Gotti, Peter Gotti, Jr., and John A. Gotti. Robert De Niro's daughter Drena was also there, reports claim, Reports claim the groom's now-divorced parents, mafia princess Victoria Gotti and 'made man' Carmine Agnello (pictured together after a bail hearing in 1998), had an explosive fight over her date at the event, Carmine 'The Bull' Agnello (pictured in July) attended despite his ongoing racketeering trial, reports said, John Gotti Agnello (left) appeared on Growing Up Gotti with his brothers Frankie (second left) and Carmine (right). On April 5, 1999, faced with overwhelming evidence, Gotti Jr. pleaded guilty to four acts of racketeering, including bribery, extortion, and the threat of violence, against his father's advice. In 2014, Angel launched a Footwear company of flip flops under her own name, which did not last very long . I remember my fathers face his expression was as stiff as stone, his eyes glaring. One of those books included a 2009 memoir titled This Family of Mine: What It Was Like Growing Up Gotti. He discussed mob business mainly through "walk-talks," or conversations held while walking alongside trusted captains. They have six children and live in Oyster Bay Cove on Long Island's North Shore. We hope that you have liked this information on the life and career of Angel Gotti. And I never told my father. Tears welled in my eyes as I realized things were going terribly wrong. However, the mob boss's children stated that their father had nothing to do with their neighbour's disappearance. Agnello was reportedly upset that she brought soap-opera star Jack . You are already subscribed to our newsletter! A man recently convicted of robbery and manslaugh ter had called the DAs office looking to make a deal. He was inducted into the Gambino family on Christmas Eve of 1988 and was named caporegime two years later. Guests were said to include the groom's father, 'made man' Carmine 'The Bull' Agnello, who is charged with racketeering, and other members of New York's crime family legacies. [28] A radio talk show host for WABC, Sliwa had allegedly angered the family by denouncing the elder Gotti as "Public Enemy #1" on his show. For other inquiries, Contact Us. I also found out hed started betting roughly $20,000 a week on horses at the racetrack. Prior to joining BiographyPedia in July 2019, he was a Bizarre TV reporter and theatre critic at TheSun. The movie, tentatively titled Gotti: in the Shadow of My Father, was to be directed by Barry Levinson. [22] On September 4, 1999, Gotti Jr. was sentenced to six years and five months in prison and fined $1 million. [3] Angelo Ruggiero was his godfather and middle namesake, whom he and his siblings considered an uncle. Though John Gotti was a flashy crime lord, his family life was different. Gene Gotti, 74, is the brother of Gotti and also a member of the Gambino family. She and Her Husband Had 5 Children. John was born to parents who were originally from San Giueseppe Vesuviano, a commune in Naples, Italy his father John Joseph Gotti Sr. and mother Philomena had 12 more children besides John, with five of the boys becoming part of the Gambino crime family. When . [2] In 1995, Gotti wrote her first book, Women and Mitral Valve Prolapse, which was inspired by and documented her own struggle with the illness. There is no information about his parents and siblings. Yo Gotti's name comes from mafioso John Gotti. Yo Gotti is a stage name for the The pair have a son who was born in 2009. A post shared by Gangster Quotes (@gangsters.quotes) on Oct 4, 2019 at 2:32pm PDT. Wicked Angel, Blacked, Sweetheart Video, Jules Jordan Video, Girlfriends Videos, New Sensations, Vixen among others. What are the Physical devices used to construct memories? Law enforcement had built a sting operation, and was intentionally egging him on, and Carmine fell right into his trap. I animals more than people. rapper. She has been fond of reading books since her high school days. Born in 1961, Angel Gotti is the eldest among the five siblings. John became part of his first gang at the age of 12, and at the age of 16 made friends with several boys who would later join the Gambino family he first started working for Carmine Fatico who was a capo, captain in the family. The mob boss had five children: Victoria, Angel, John A, Peter, and Frank Gotti with wife Victoria DiGiorgio. New York City, New York, U.S. What did John Gotti call his wife? This service is provided on News Group Newspapers' Limited's Standard Terms and Conditions in accordance with our Privacy & Cookie Policy. Pinterest. Is Who is Vin Diesel's twin brother? Victoria Gotti and I discuss her mother Angel Gotti's seltzer addiction. 178.128.38.240 Their second child was also a girl called Victoria who was born on the 27th of November, 1962. READ ALSO: Robie Uniacke bio: Who is Rosamund Pikes long-term partner? [35][36], In January 2008, Alite pleaded guilty to two murders, four murder conspiracies, at least eight shootings, and two attempted shootings as well as armed home invasions and armed robberies in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Florida, stemming from his alleged involvement in a Gambino crew in Tampa, Florida. Carmine explained that there was a rival auto parts owner who had recently moved in across the street from his new metal plant and shredder facility in The Bronx. And according to Page Six's sources, it was an event worthy of The Godfather.. document.getElementById("ak_js_1").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()); Type above and press Enter to search. Yes (John A. Gotti, Victoria Gotti, Angel Gotti, Frank Gotti, Peter Gotti, Jr.) Dating/Girlfriend (Name): N/A: Profession: Gangster: Net Worth in 2023: $30 million: . (Junior) Gotti pleads not guilty to indictment that could have meant death penalty", "Mob turncoat John Alite testifies he got nails done with John Gotti Jr. after drug dealer's murder", "Chaos In The Courtroom Junior Gotti Rips Mob Tunrncoat Alite During Break in Trial", "Prosecution's case against Junior Gotti wasn't credible, juror says", "For Fourth Time, Mistrial in Prosecution of Gotti", "John 'Junior' Gotti finds new calling writing true crime stories", "EXCLUSIVE: John (Junior) Gotti brags he lied to feds, insists he's not a 'rat', "Ex-Mob Boss Gotti Stabbed on Long Island", "Famous Mobster's Grandson John Gotti III Still Undefeated in MMA After Huge KO", "Fiore to bring John Gotti, Jr. to big screen", "Kelly Preston to Play John Travolta's Wife in Gotti Movie", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_A._Gotti&oldid=1142200382, Junior Gotti, Teflon Jr., Deadlock Don, Dumbfella, Six years and five months' imprisonment and fined $1million (1999), This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 01:53. Favara disappeared four months after Frank died. Leah Gotti was born on 4 October 1997 in Sherman, Texas, United States. She got here to the limelight after the discharge of a latest biopic titled Gotti: Godfather & Son. Facts. Click to reveal Whats the matter, cat got your tongue?. I used a dim flashlight so as not to wake anyone. It's a total shit show. Today. On June 10, 2002, her husband, John Gotti died of throat cancer at the age of 61. He threw the shotgun under the bed and said, Are you scared? Her dream holiday destination is London in England. Sometimes called the "Gentle Giant," Frank is the youngest son of author Victoria Gotti and Carmine Agnello. Frank was hit and killed by a drunk driver in a terrible accident while he was riding a mini-bike on their street. N/A. Sadly, Victoria only has four living children. She had known him since she was in high school, but even so, her parents disapproved of their union. Gene, alongside fellow mob member John Carneglia, were convicted of running a heroin distribution ring and were given 50 years in prison along with a fine. Victoria Gotti: My Father's Daughter (TV Movie 2019) Bree Woodill as Angel Gotti. her father cant be ruasian with a name like didiorgio. [19][20], By 1998, when he was indicted on racketeering charges under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act, Gotti Jr. was believed to be the acting boss of the family. The younger Gotti was himself imprisoned for racketeering in 1999, and between 2004 and 2009 he was a defendant in four racketeering trials, each of which ended in a mistrial. DiGiorgio and Johns son, Frank passed away when he was 12-years-old in a car accident. However, normally these lists are destroyed almost as soon as the inductions take place. Her parents are mob boss John Gotti and Victoria (DiGiorgio) Gotti, whose father was of Italian descent, and mother was of half Italian half Russian ancestry. Learn more about your ad choices From This Family of Mine by Victoria Gotti. July 28, 1980, was the last time Favara seen. TV Shows. Also, because prosecutors decided not to pursue another trial John Jr. was released from prison in 1999. [42] After Gotti's fourth mistrial, federal prosecutors had indicated that they would not seek another trial against Gotti. From August 2004 until December 2005, Gotti was the star of Growing Up Gotti, an American reality television series on the A&E Network, on which she starred with her three sons. ", "'The Real Housewives of New Jersey' News: Rino and Victoria Gotti's Cheating? [11][18] The episode earned him the nickname "Dumbfella" in the New York media. He reportedly joined the criminal body in 1988 without his mother being aware of it. Gotti authored a 2015 book, Shadow of My Father. Benjy studied journalism at Goldsmiths University of London, graduating in 2009. By the late 90s, as Victoria was raising their sons Carmine, John and Frank she discovered Agnello was a member of her fathers crime family, and she saw him become a paranoid, violent, gun-toting maniac at home. However, when a man tells me he has thoughts of killing his wife, I have to take them seriously.. Gotti was recorded saying that he sold more than 4,200 pills per month and the illicit business pulled in $100,000 per month. I hate the color, hed said as he got out of the car. Catherine Bach: The actress' interesting biography. While Carmine Gotti Agnello was born on April 8, 1986, John And Frank were born on May 5, 1987, and . Angel Gotti is John Gotti Sr.'s oldest child and is extremely active in keeping her father's legacy alive. Chris Morris, Special to CNBC.com. She has made ample efforts to keep the legacy of her father alive. Entourage's Kevin Connolly, rumored to be directing the movie, was there too, Page Six reported, alongside Robert De Niro's daughter Drena and Debi Mazar of Goodfellas fame. At the time of their marriage, Di . John Joseph Gotti was born in The Bronx, New York City USA, on 27 October 1940 his zodiac sign was Scorpio and he held American nationality. Victoria Gotti dumped Agnello 12 years ago after he was exposed for cheating on her with his Queens secretary - and was also convicted of racketeering. Though she has reportedly had serious health issues over the years, including a stroke in 2013, and a heart attack some years prior to 2013, she is alive and doing well. Victoria DiGiorgio was born in Brooklyn, New York City USA, on 5 December 1942 her birth sign is Sagittarius, and she holds American nationality. She married her high school sweetheart, Carmine Agnello in 1984 but divorced in 2003. John A. Gotti, Frank Gotti Peter Gotti Jr. and Angel Gotti: School: Unknown: College: St. John's University: Religion: Non-religious: Nationality: American: Zodiac Sign: Sagittarius: Gender: Female: Sexual Orientation: . The daughter of John Gotti Sr, Angel Gotti, has a YouTube channel lol. Prosecutors charge that the ring distributed at least five kilograms of cocaine in the late 1980s and early 1990s. A few months later, my publisher threw an elaborate book party at Il Cantinori in Manhattan.
Jo Ann Harrelson, Longhorn Steakhouse Merchandise, Former Wxii Reporters, Where Is The Action Button On Echo Show, Harbour House Miami Demolition, Articles A