D. use a nasal cannula instead of a nonrebreathing mask. Question Type: General Knowledge D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. An 8-year-old female with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite being given multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol by her mother. B. bradycardia. C) A child's chest wall has proportionately more subcutaneous fat on the chest. coughing forcefully. Page: 1192. Your assessment reveals that she is conscious and alert, is breathing adequately, and has skin burns around her mouth. A. a cardiac arrhythmia. D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: B. Using the discussion earlier, answer the questions below: b. Answer: A Children are less likely than adults to be struck by a car. A. place bulky padding behind his or her occiput. D. open his airway and look in his mouth. The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. D. immediately report your suspicions to the parents. Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: C. an unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations D. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once. C. hyperthermia. playing with a small toy. C. Most cervical spine fractures in infants and children occur between the first and second cervical vertebrae. Her skin is hot and moist. Answer: D B. awareness to place, pink and dry skin, and consistent eye contact. When a child experiences a blunt injury to the abdomen: he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. A. quiet breathing. level of activity is decreased. D. bradycardia. C. his or her respirations are shallow. C. 8 months and 8 years. A. radial D. fracture of the cervical spine. How many protons per second are consumed in nuclear reactions in the Sun? A. place oxygen tubing through a hole in a paper cup. B. positioning, ice packs, and emotional support. You are responding to a 9-1-1 call where the mother reported finding her 3-month-old daughter cyanotic and unresponsive in her crib. C. insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway adjunct. Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: This . You should suspect: The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: Hyperthermia differs from fever in that it is an increase in body temperature: caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. D. epiglottitis. Her heart rate is 130 beats/min and her respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. Which of the following is the LEAST reliable assessment parameter to evaluate when determining the presence of shock in infants and children? 5. Answer: D Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? 12.5 g They can usually identify painful areas when questioned. D. give oxygen and transport at once. B. weak distal pulses. 6, 12 Answer: B Question Type: General Knowledge Present your findings in a written or oral report. Submersion injuries in the adolescent age group are MOST commonly associated with: B. if the cervical spine is injured, it most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement to the head. partial paralysis. C. excessive tachycardia. C. 90 mm Hg C. determine why the ingestion occurred. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is correct? C. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever. d. an absence of breath sounds. A. profound tachycardia. B. continue high-flow oxygen therapy, contact medical control, and request permission to administer more albuterol. C. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury. Answer: B Question Type: General Knowledge Page: 1155 13. Padding underneath the torso when immobilizing an injured child is generally not necessary if he or she is: D. he or she is breathing inadequately. Question Type: General Knowledge The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. If the situation allows, a child should be transported in a car seat if he or she weighs less than _____ lb. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should: Question Type: General Knowledge You should: A 4-year-old female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. child during bag-mask ventilations is to: Cardiac arrest in the pediatric population is MOST commonly the result of: In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: Blood loss in a child exceeding _____ of his or her total blood volume significantly increases the risk of shock. A tight, whistling or musical sound heard with each breath may indicate that the air passages may be smaller, making it more difficult to breathe. Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: Answer: D B. falls from a height greater than 5. A. perform abdominal thrusts. C. 12, 4 B. unresponsiveness, complete body relaxation, a fever greater than 105F, and a short postictal phase. Wheezing. Findings from the r espiratory system include apnea, cyanosis, grunt- D. hypovolemic shock. A. pink, dry skin. You should: A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. He is conscious, but his You should: All vital signs are within their normal ranges except for the blood pressure. D. duration of symptoms. When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. Page: 1171. A blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg indicates high blood pressure . B. females You should: B. fear or anxiety. B. mental status, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure. A. D. a generalized rash with intense itching. Bulcao et al., 2000; Cheng et al., 1995; Daanen, 1996; Grahn et al., 1998). D. brisk capillary refill. You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. B) headache and fever. A. appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. C. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury. B. B. D. dry mucous membranes. Question Type: Critical Thinking D. ventilate the child with sharp, quick breaths at the appropriate rate. 102. C. bulging fontanelles. After using the PAT to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should: A. irritability of the left ventricle. A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the C. They are usually not well tolerated in children with a gag reflex. Peripheral vasoconstriction is more dependent on core than on skin temperature (cf. C. 8 years. Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor of SIDS? Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between the ages of: Which of the following statements regarding a 3-month-old infant is correct? Answer: B After your partner stabilizes his head and opens his airway, you assess his breathing and determine that it is slow and irregular. An oropharyngeal airway should not be used in children who have ingested a caustic or petroleum-based product because it may: When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should: depress the tongue with a tongue depressor. B. place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. C. face A. hot items on a stovetop. D. is most appropriate when your transport time is short. Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: 11. Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: General Knowledge Answer: B 32. signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Home; american dad steve runs away; signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: 19. C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. C. have a parent restrain the child as you give oxygen. Critical burns in children include: B. back D. assess the child's heart rate and skin condition. Answer: C Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT: D. a semiconscious 7-year-old female with normal ventilation, C. an unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations. Page: 1178. D. decreased LOC. A. cyanosis. D. lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances. C. may not be possible if the child's condition is critical. B. dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea. Page: 1168. B. blood pressure Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if: A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. 1. B. wheezing. A. secure the head before the torso. 82 mm Hg B. weak distal pulses. In general, signs of blood loss include pale mucous membranes, prolonged capillary re-fill time, progressive mental deterioration, tachypnea, hypothermia, poor pulse quality (narrow pulse pressure), and cold extremities and also reflects . C. skin condition, respiratory rate, and level of alertness. 18 months of age and older: HIV antibody tests can provide definitive diagnosis in children 18 months of age, with known or unknown exposure to HIV. Page: 1193. D. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once. A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the D. age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, and good eye contact. D. retracting the intercostal muscles. Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of an semiconscious infant or child, you must: Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury? Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. headache and fever. 25. Page: 1184. Page: 1177. ground; he was not wearing a helmet. D. place the child in a supine position and perform abdominal thrusts. Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called: B. a rash. C. a cough that resembles the bark of a seal. ., 10. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. 12. A. cyanosis. C. spaced further apart, which causes them to shift following trauma. Compensatory mechanisms that improve stroke volume include increased venous smooth muscle tone (improves preload by shunting blood to the D. activity, respiratory quality, and level of consciousness. B. low birth weight Question Type: General Knowledge If a pediatric patient begins seizing again during your care, which of the following would be your treatment priority? B. retractions. This means that the patient has: a. normal breath sounds. B. cause the child to vomit. A. put padding behind his or her head. B. the flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking. Answer: D B. hyperglycemia. D. experiencing cardiopulmonary arrest. C. 90 mm Hg A. grunting. Page: 1161. observes the patient for signs of ICP and of infection at the operative site or along the shunt line. B. retractions. A. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device. B. child abuse. D. is most appropriate when your transport time is short. Answer: C C. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. D. epiglottitis. This acute mediastinitis from esophageal rupture. How could you check to see if this is true (without any scraping)? A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. B. more vascular despite the fact that they are proportionately smaller. C. hypothermia and an irregular pulse. 16 Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child may include a Warm dry skin from MEDICAL TE 24 at North Seattle College The narrowing (constriction) of blood arteries by tiny muscles in their walls is known as vasoconstriction. m(i)=31+52+73+94+115+136++2i+1i. 94. D. open his airway and look in his mouth. 44. Which of the following statements regarding the use of nasopharyngeal airways in children is The distance is automatically calculated from the travel time of this pulse. Page: 1169. A. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred. Bruising to the _________ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse. C. hyperthermia. B. slowed level of activity. Blood pressure is usually not assessed in children younger than _____ years. D. give 12.5 to 25 g of activated charcoal. You should: B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. Question Type: General Knowledge A child may begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as: Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: talk to the child, not just the caregiver. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. A. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. the back of his head. When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: A. they usually do not wish to be observed during a procedure. Page: 1160. D. Blanching of the nares after insertion indicates correct placement. 99. Page: 1189. What should you use the Wong-Baker FACES scale to determine? D. give oxygen if the SpO2 is less than 90%. Question Type: Critical Thinking C. their bones bend more easily than an adult's. 59. B. weak distal pulses. A. grunting. Page: 1176, 57. C. usually present within the first 10 minutes of ingestion. A. A. irritability of the left ventricle. In moderate to severe disease, corticosteroids improve croup scores within 12-24 hours and decrease hospitalization rates. Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between: In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, and a short or absent postictal phase. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. 21. In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: C. your assessment will most often reveal bruising to the abdomen. D. accessory muscle use. A. discourage the family from observing. 20. B. Question Type: General Knowledge C. are usually caused by viral meningitis. What does respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cause? The components of the PAT are: Answer: A D. 6, Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? Causes of infant death that may be mistaken for SIDS include all of the following, EXCEPT: determining the presence of shock in infants and children? Page: 1166, 39. 54. 28. D. brisk capillary refill. 100. 18. C. usually present within the first 10 minutes of ingestion. Page: 1196. D. acute hypoxia and tachycardia. B. attempt cooling measures, offer oxygen, and transport. B. visualize the child's airway. 6 months and 6 years. A. 55. 79. (c) 70C420mmHg70^{\circ} \mathrm{C}_4 20 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}70C420mmHg. D. observe the chest for adequate rise. B. oxygen content in the blood is decreased. Blood pressure is usually not assessed in children younger than _____ years. C. delayed capillary refill. Dose: Adults. D. 50 g, Answer: B A. When a child faints, the blood supply and the oxygen that blood brings to the brain is temporarily reduced. D. he or she even has a minor injury. A. A. hot items on a stovetop. A. estimate the child's weight based on age. they are rarely used in infants younger than 1 y.a. D. depress the tongue with a tongue depressor. C. monitor the pulse oximeter reading. He is complaining of pain when he tries to turn his head. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is 48. C. perform a blind finger sweep. D. twisting injuries are more common in children. The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: may not be possible if the child's condition is critical. A. an oral airway has been inserted. Page: 1160. A. a blank stare, a duration of between 15 and 30 minutes, and a prolonged postictal phase. B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. D. 5 seconds. A) Lung sounds are difficult to hear because of the thick intercostal muscles. As you approach the child, you note D. buttocks. If the situation allows, a child should be transported in a car seat if he or she weighs less than _____ lb. B. D. mother smoked during pregnancy. D. he or she even has a minor injury. Answer: B The MOST common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is: When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial pulse or ________ is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. A. the flexible rib cage protects the vital thoracic organs. An oropharyngeal airway should not be used in children who have ingested a caustic or petroleum-based 45. 41. C. perform a head tilt-chin lift maneuver. He is unresponsive and there are no signs of breathing. B. D. result in a soft-tissue injury. You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. 43. C. vomiting and diarrhea. There is acute shortness of breath with pleuritic pain to the lateral side of the chest wall with physical signs of pneumothorax- hyper-resonance with absent breath sounds. 76. If complementary foods are not introduced around the age of 6 months, or if they are given inappropriately, an infant's growth may falter. B. a responsive 6-year-old male who responds appropriately Question Type: General Knowledge Cardiac arrest in the pediatric population is MOST commonly the result of: mouth. After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: After squeezing the end of a child's finger or toe for a few seconds, blood should return to the area within: Capillary refill time is MOST reliable as an indicator of end-organ perfusion in children younger than: immediate transport is indicated for a child when he or she: has a history suggestive of a serious illness. A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. A. warm, dry skin. C. bronchitis. Question Type: General Knowledge julia child recipes chicken. C. crying or combativeness, good muscle tone, and awareness to time. Abstract The thermoregulatory threshold for vasoconstriction has been studied in infants and children given isoflurane, but not in those given halothane anesthesia. B. visualize the child's airway. most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. Signs of a severe airway obstruction in an infant or child include: After your partner stabilizes his head and opens his airway, you assess his breathing and determine that it is slow and irregular. Question Type: General Knowledge A. warm, dry skin. Greenstick fractures occur in infants and children because: their bones bend more easily than an adult's. D. ask a relative if he or she knows the child's weight. A. C. restlessness. Question Type: General Knowledge Page: 1168. In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: severe hypoxia and bradycardia. Indicate the type of solid (molecular, metallic, ionic, or covalent-network) for each compound: HBr. Question Type: General Knowledge 58. C. avoiding the placement of a splint, if possible. D. immediately report your suspicions to the parents. Use the following terms to create a concept map: atoms, average atomic mass, molecules, mole, percentage composition, and molar masses. A. evaluate the child's baseline vital signs.
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